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100th Anniversary Symposium of Umami Discovery: The Roles of Glutamate in Taste, Gastrointestinal Function, Metabolism, and Physiology

Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Sept; 90 (3)

Introduction

Introduction to the Symposium.
JD Fernstrom

Symposium keynote address

The gourmet ape: evolution and human food preferences.
JR Krebs

Historical Perspectives

Umami and the foods of classical antiquity.
RI Curtis

Glutamate: from discovery as a food flavor to role as a basic taste (umami).
K Kurihara

Sensory and receptor responses to umami: an overview of pioneering work.
GK Beauchamp

History of glutamate production.
C Sano

Receptors, transduction, perception: session I

T1R receptors mediate mammalian sweet and umami taste.
X Li

Taste receptors for umami: the case for multiple receptors.
N Chaudhari, E Pereira, and SD Roper

Metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 in taste tissue.
A San Gabriel, T Maekawa, H Uneyama and K Torii

Multiple receptors underlie glutamate taste responses in mice.
K Yasumatsu, N Horio, Y Murata, S Shirosaki, T Okhuri, R
Yoshida and Y Ninomiya

Umami taste transduction mechanisms.
SC Kinnamon

Glutamate taste and appetite in laboratory mice: physiologic and genetic analyses.
AA Bachmanov, M Inoue, H Ji, Y Murata, MG Tordoff, and GK Beauchamp

Receptors, transduction, perception: session II

Variation in umami perception and in candidate genes for the umami receptor in mice and humans.
N Shigemura, S Shirosaki, T Ohkuri, K Sanematsu, AAS Islam, Y Ogiwara, M Kawai, R Yoshida and Y Ninomiya

Perceptual variation in umami taste and polymorphisms in TAS1R taste receptor genes.
Q-Y Chen, S Alarcon, A Tharp, OM Ahmed, NL Estrella, TA Greene, J Rucker, and PAS Breslin.

Early milk feeding influences taste acceptance and liking during infancy.
JA Mennella, CA Forestell, LK Morgan, and GK Beauchamp

Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in human tas1r1, tas1r3, and mGluR1 and individual taste sensitivity to glutamate.
M Raliou, A Wiencis, A-M Pillias, A Planchais, C Eloit, Y Boucher, D Trotier, J-P Montmayeur, and A Faurion

Taste and weight: is there a link?
LF Donaldson, L Bennett, S Baic, and JK Melichar

Functional neuroimaging of umami taste: what makes umami pleasant?
ET Rolls

Gastrointestinal tract

Metabolism and functions of L-glutamate in the epithelial cells of the small and large intestines.
F Blachier, C Boutry, C Bos, and D Tomé

Taste signaling elements expressed in gut enteroendocrine cells regulate nutrient-responsive secretion of gut hormones.
Z Kokrashvili, B Mosinger, and RF Margolskee

Luminal chemosensing and upper gastrointestinal mucosal defences.
Y Akiba and JD Kaunitz

Activation of the gut-brain axis by dietary glutamate and physiologic significance in energy homeostasis.
T Kondoh, H Nanda Mallick, and K Torii

Protein, amino acids, vagus nerve signaling, and the brain.
D Tom・ J Schwarz, N Darcel, and G Fromentin

Can dietary supplementation of monosodium glutamate improve the health of the elderly?
S Yamamoto, M Tomoe, K Toyama, M Kawai, and H Uneyama

Absorptive and postabsorptive handling

Metabolic fate and function of dietary glutamate in the gut.
DG Burrin and B Stoll

Hepatic glutamate metabolism: a tale of 2 hepatocytes.
ME Brosnan and JT Brosnan

Regulation of glutamate metabolism and insulin secretion by glutamate dehydrogenase in hypoglycemic children.
CA Stanley

The blood-brain barrier and glutamate.
RA Hawkins

Role of glutamate in neuron-glia metabolic coupling.
PJ Magistretti

Summary

Symposium Summary.
JD Fernstrom